Monday, June 9, 2014

SOCIAL BEHAVIOUR CHANGE FOR SANITATION REVOLUTION


Reading  Rukmini Shrinivasan article in The Hindu 9th June 2014, “The battle for toilets and minds I was reminded of my experience in marketing two door refrigerators in the ‘70’s. A large number had been purchased in Calcutta but there were repeated complaints. Finally I asked a senior service engineer to visit Calcutta and determine the nature of the problem. A week later his report was handed in.
“I inspected the six 2 door fridges as asked. They have been correctly installed. I observed vessels of milk, vegetables, rosgullas and sandesh left in meat safes outside the fridge. Butter was kept in a bowl of water. Water was taken from earthen pots. I asked for the fridge doors to be opened. In the fridge section there was only a Flurys cake box. In the freezer section two trays of ice. Nothing else was kept inside. I asked the reason. All six fridges have been purchased for status in the community. To use them is seen as ‘unclean’. With nothing to chill the thermostat is packing up. There is no technical defect with the 2 door fridges. We have to educate the customer on its use.”    
Changing Indian habits in sanitation will be an exercise in education of heath and hygiene, creating awareness, and reorienting the mind set in keeping the sanitation facility clean. Volunteering at the Gandhi Peace Foundation, I was asked to demonstrate to school children ways of keeping the toilets clean. The government had built new modern toilets with bright tiles on the floors and walls. Upkeep of the toilets was the students’ responsibility. The school had made a roster. The toilets were soon stinking and flooded. No student wanted to clean the toilet as it was a social slur. They continued to use their compound walls to urinate. I engaged a group of forty boys in a Tom Sawyerish adventure, but I suspect that the novelty wore off with my departure. Later in all my interactions with the children I would always ask, “will you clean your toilet?’ The children without hesitation would say ‘no’. ‘Its others job to clean the toilet.’ The idea was to keep a toilet unused. This was perceived clean!
Sometime back I read a news item filed by Xinhua that about 74 percent of households in rural China now have access to sanitary toilets, while in 1993 found only 7.5 percent of households had access to sanitary toilets. A sanitary toilet in rural China refers to a toilet, under a roof with walls and a standard digestion tank. It can either be dry or flush. A national initiative launched in 2004 to improve rural sanitation and combat infectious disease had seen the central government of China allocate about 8.3 billion yuan ($1.3 billion) for 21 million rural toilets.
I refer to the China story because way back in the mid ‘80’s attending conferences in South East Asia, we women always spoke of the condition of public toilets in our countries. I was amazed when the others rated the Indian facility far ahead of that in their own countries. Today Indian Sanitation is deplorable and non existent while Malaysia, Indonesia, and of course Singapore have revolutionised their facility.
I have no study to hold up but I would guess that a lot of reservation in using a Sanitation facility boils down to it being perceived unclean. Which is why all Indian public toilet floors are doused in water and there is none in the flush cistern. Water is thrown around as an act of cleaning, purification. Secondly the question of who will clean the unclean facility? The third reason is as Rukmini S pointed out there has been no awareness created connecting good sanitation with good health for the family. This is the carrot.
Convince the mother in the household that using a sanitation facility will mean her children will enjoy good health which will translate into good future. Most of the social changes in the last two decades have come about by influencing the women folk and giving them the benefit picture. We should not make the need for sanitation a women issue. It’s a national priority and women should be the change agents. Women will be empowered when the toilet in the home is under their jurisdiction. Would  Idea Cellular like to consider giving social messages with A Bacchaan on ‘no ullu banowing?’  

 suraksha
@surakshag11

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